civil engineering update

(A)कॉलम का स्टील का लेपिग जोन रेफरेंस IS कोड - 13920 1) कॉलम का जोन A - जोन A में स्टील का ऑवर लेप नहीं आना चाहिए क्योंकि जोन A  में अधिक बेन्डीग मोमेन्ट होता है । 2) कॉलम का जोन B - जोन B में स्टील का ऑवर लेप कर सकते हैं क्यंकि यहां पर सबसे कम जीरो बैंडिंग मोमेंट्स रहता हैं । 3) कॉलम में एक ही लेवल पर सारे ऑवर लेप नहीं होने चाहिए। ऑवर लेप को ऊपर नीचे रखना चाहिए (z)  (B)  बीम मे लेपिग जोन बीम मे टॉप सरिये का ऑवर लेप कॉलम से L/3 लम्बाई में नहीं होना चाहिए। इसका ऑवर लेप बीच में L/3 होना चाहिए। बीम के बॉटम सरिए का ऑवर लेप बीम के बीच में नहीं होना चाहिए।

* Consumption of materials in Brick masonry * 1. Numbers of brick required for cubic meter of brick masonry shall be approximately 450 in Nos. 2. Sand required to do one cubic meter of masonry shall be 0.3 m3 per cubic meter of brick Masonry. 3. Sand shall be screened through 4.5 mm sieve to remove particles (such as gravel etc) more than 4.5 mm 4. Proportion of mortar depends upon specifications. However normally 1:6 cement mortar is  used.  5. Partition wall i.e. 115 mm thick brick wall is constructed with 1:4 cement mortar. 

What is called FLUE BAFFLE in plumbing? A device used to, check, or regulate flow through a pipe is called FLUE BAFFLE.

WHAT IS K-SLUMP TESTER?? “K-Slump” Tester used in fresh concrete testing determines approximate concrete slump and workability readings in just 60 seconds.

What is called SHIKANJA in form work..? Metal clamp used for shuttering is called SHIKANJA.

*PLASTER* *Basic knowledge of the Plaster :* Plastering is the process of covering rough surfaces made out of concrete masonry of walls, columns, ceilings and other building components with thin coat of plaster mortars to form a smooth durable surface. The coating of plastic material (in mortar) is termed as plaster. *Objects of plastering* 1. To protect the external surfaces against penetration of rain water and other atmospheric agencies and should be able to weather uniformly. 2. To give smooth surface in which dust and dirt content lodge 3. To give decorative effect and should also be pleasing in appearance 4. To protect surfaces against varmint. These properties depend upon materials used, composition of mix, and degree of mechanical bond between the plaster and the backing surface and workmanship. *Requirement of good plaster* 1. It should remain adhered during all variations in seasons and other atmospheric conditions 2. It should posses’ good workabil...